Wrench.



E. P. GUMMO. WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED umzs, 1913.

Patented Sept. 30, 1913.

Emma/tor ZZ/raerl? Gamma COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPflcoL, WASHINGTON. n. c.

inn sra'rns PATEN urn.

ELilVIEB R GUMMQ, OF MONUMENT, PENNSYLVANIA.

winiucn;

T 0 all whom it may concern Be itknown that I, ELMER P. GUMMo, a citizen of the United States, residing. at Monumenhin the county of Center. and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following. is a specification.

My.inventionrelates to a new and useful improvement in double acting mechanism for wrenches and liketools, andhas for its object to so construct such a device that the jaws. of. a wrench. may be quickly. adjusted to the nut orotherobject-to be acted on and thereafter, a powerful griptaken upon said work, which-gripmay be relieved byv a reverse manipulation of the device which willgreatly facilitate the operation ofthe wrench, savingtime and labor.

With these ends in view, this invention consists in the details of construction and combination Ofelements hereinafter set forth and their specifically designated by the claims. j p

In order thatthose skilled in the art to which this. invention appertains may. understand how to. make and use .the same, I will describe its construction in detail, referring by numeral to the accompanying drawing forming apart of. this specification, in which Figure 1, is.- a central section of awrench made iniaccordance with'my improvement, the movable MW and shanknthereof' being. left in elevation. Fig. 2, 15 an enlarged mechanism therein. in elevation. Fig.3, is an end view ofthe stationary jaw showing the shank thereofin end "elevation. Fig. .4, is a face view of the clutch, andzFig. 5, is an end view of the threaded sleeve showing the teeth for engagement with the clutch. Fig. 6v=is a face viewofthe washer.

In carrying out my invention .as here embodied, .1 represents the stationary jaw of a monkey wrench, and 2. themovable jaw thereof. This stationary has projecting therefrom, a: shank 3, which gradually tapers toward its-outer end, the sides thereof being flattened as clearly shown in Fig. 3,'for the purpose-to be hereinafter eX- plained. v

V The movable: jaw 2, has formedtherewith a hollow shanks,- the opening'through thisshank being of a-shapeato fitupon the shank- 3, and: slidethereon, but hold "it against rotation:

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 30, 1913. Application filed January 23, 1913.

Serial No. 743,860.

The shank 3, is reduced in diameter as shown at 5, to produce a shoulder 6, and against this shoulder is placed a washer 7, against whichbears one end of the coiled spring 8, the other end bearing against the clutch 9 which-is slidably mounted upon the reduced section 50f theshank 3, and as the sides-of this reduced section 5 are fiat and the opening 10 in the clutch 9 corresponds to. the. cross section of this reduced portion, said clutch will be prevented from turning thereon. The outer end of the shank 3, is further. reduced to form a-spindle 27 which is round in cross section,iand provided with The extreme end The outer end of the sleeve spring 16 are surrounded by the ring 17, the purpose of said ring being to actuate the clutch 9- as hereinafter explained. The outer end'ofthe sleeve 11 has the teeth 18 formed thereon forengagement with the teeth 19 of the clutch when the latter is forced-into engagement with saidzsleeve by a the spring. 8. 7

section of the handle,showing.the operating The shank 1 of themovable jaw 2, is threaded as indicated tit-20 and these threads "engage the internalthreads of'the section 21 of the handle, the

upon the end of the section 22 for inclosing. the nuts 12... 7

From the foregoing description; the operation. of my device will be: as follows Assumingthat thethreads120 have a pitch of 5/64; of an-zinch and the threads 25 a The flange 1 1 and pitch of 4/64 the revolving of the handle in the proper direction will cause the movable jaw 2 to be drawn away from the stationary jaw 1, first at a rate equal to the difference between the threads and the threads which in the case here stated, will be l/(i t of an inch for each revolution of the handle, from the fact that the sleeve 11 on which the threads 25 are formed, is held against rotation upon the spindle 27 by the clutch 9 being in engagement with the teeth of said spindle as before stated. This will continue until the shoulder 28 formed on the inside of the section 22 of the handle comes in contact with the washer 15 and through said washer forces the ring 17 forward to a suflicient distance to disengage the clutch against the action of the spring 8 from the teeth 18 on the end of the sleeve after which the sleeve will revolve with the handle, cutting out the action of the threads 25 and causing the jaw 2 to move 5/64 of an inch for each turn of said handle. This will give a rapid opening of the jaws as will be readily understood. When the jaws are to be applied to a nut 'orother object the handle is turned in the opposite direction from that just described and as the clutch is still disengaged from the sleeve, the jaw 2 will be moved rapidly toward the nut until a certain amount of grip is taken upon said nut which will create a friction by thrust between the outer end of the sleeve and the inner nut 12, and when this friction-becomes sufficient to stop the rotation of the sleeve 11, the threads 25 will again come into action and as the handle travels longitudinally on this sleeve, the washer 15 will be permitted to be forced backward by the spring 16, thus allowing the spring 8 to again force the clutch into engagement with the teeth 18 on the end of the sleeve thereby locking said sleeve positively against rotation and the continued revolving of the handle in the same direction will cause the jaw 2 to move at a reduced rate represented by the dilference between the pitch of the threads 20 and the threads 25, namely 1/64 of an inch for each turn of the handle and as is well understood, this reduced rate of movement for each turn of the handle increases the power applied to the jaws. This arrangement provides for quick action in adjusting the jaws of the wrench to the work, but when said jaws have taken hold of the work, it provides for a powerful grip and thus saves time and labor. It will be understood that my improvement may be applied to various other tools in which it is desirable to have, first a'quick action which may afterward be converted into a powerful grip as for in stance lathe and drill chucks.

Where it is found desirable, the outer end of the sleeve or the surface which comes in contact with the inner nut 12 may be corroe-4m rugated or roughened and the inner surface of said nut correspondingly corrugated or V 1. In a tool,.the combination of a shank,

a hollow shank fitted to slide on the first named shank, a sleeve journaled on the first named shank, screw threads formed on the hollow shankand on the sleeve the two sets of threads being of different pitch, a handle member having two sets of threads,

one set engaging the threads on the hollow shank, the other set engaging the threads on the sleeve and means for automatically causing the sleeve to revolve with the handle member or remain stationary relative to the rotation of sa1d handle member for chang- 7 ing the rate of' travel. of the 'hollowshank.

2. In a tool, the combination of a stationary shank, a sleeve journaled thereon, a hollow shank fitted to slide on the stationary shank, screw threads-formed'on the hollow shank and on-the sleeve, the two sets of threads being 'of diflerent pitch, a handlemember having two sets of internal threads, one set engaging the threads on the hollow shank, the other set engaging the threads on the sleeve, a spring actuated clutch held 105 7 against rotation on the stationary shank and means for automatically locking said clutch into engagement with the sleeve and unlocking said clutch from said sleeve.

3. In a tool, the combination of astationary shank carrying a jaw, a movable shank fitted to slide upon the stationary shank and also carrying a jaw, a sleeve journaled on the stationary shank, screw threads 7 formed on the movable shank and on the sleeve, the two sets of threads being of different pitch a handle member'having two sets ofinternal threads, one set engaging the 7 threads on the movable shank, the other set engaging the threads on the sleeve, means dependent upon the thrust caused by the closing of the jaws uponan object for automatically holding the sleeve against rotation, a clutch adapted to positively lock said sleeve against rotation and means for automatically locking and unlocking said clutch.-

t. In a wrench, astationary shank, a jaw carried thereby, a movable shank, a jaw car- 1 ried thereby, threads of relatively steep pitch formed upon the movable shank, a

sleeve j ournaled on the end of the stationary.

shank, screw threads formed on the sleeve of less pitch than the threads on the shank, a hollow handle having one set of internal screw threads for engagement with the screw threads on the movable shank, and another set of screw threads for engagement with the screw threads on the sleeve, a nut threaded upon the stationary shank for holding the sleeve in position and exerting a certain amount of friction thereon by the end thrust between the shanks, a spring actuated clutch mounted on the stationary shank, and held against rotation thereon, teeth formed upon the clutch, corresponding teeth formed upon the adjacent end of the sleeve and means for automatically putting the clutch into and out of engagement with the teeth on the sleeve, whereby the screw threads, on the sleeve will be brought into or put out of action to cause the movable jaw to move at different rates of travel by the rotation of the handle as specified.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto aflixed by signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ELMER P. GUMMO.

Witnesses:

HARRY H. WrLsoN, EDNA E. HUGHES.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

